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Home / Tree Encyclopedia / Forest Oak

Forest Oak

Allocasuarina torulosa · Casuarinaceae

20mMature height
0Councils: no permit needed
0Councils: exempt under a height limit
20Councils: permit required
Forest Oak (Allocasuarina torulosa) growing in Sydney
Forest Oak · typical mature form

Do you need a permit?

Forest Oak is a protected tree in effectively every council Pro Climbing Tree Services covers. Expect to need a tree permit, or a development application where the property is heritage listed or in a heritage conservation area.

How to identify it

Fine drooping needle like foliage that turns bronze or rusty in cold weather, and corky furrowed bark. Small barrel shaped woody cones. The whole tree has a soft weeping silhouette.

Where it grows in Sydney

Common in forest and gully country through Hornsby Shire, Ku-ring-gai, the Northern Beaches and the Hills District, and widely used in revegetation plantings.

Common problems

  • Constant fine needle litter that smothers lawn and blocks gutters
  • Dense shade underneath and allelopathic litter that suppresses planting
  • Cones are a slip hazard on paths
  • Frequently part of mapped native vegetation

What removal involves

Straightforward climbing work with light material, but the needle litter volume is deceptive and chips slowly. As a native it is protected across the board and is often inside biodiversity mapping in Hornsby and Ku-ring-gai.

Council permit rules, council by council

Status below is for a tree on private land that has passed the council's size threshold. Heritage items, heritage conservation areas, significant tree registers, biodiversity mapping and conditions of development consent override every exemption shown here.

CouncilStatusWhat it means
Northern Beaches Permit required Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold.
Ku-ring-gai Permit required Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold.
Hornsby Shire Permit required Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold.
The Hills Shire Confirm with Council Council holds its species exemptions in a document rather than on its website, so confirm this species with Council before treating removal as exempt. Size thresholds apply in the meantime.
Blacktown City Permit required Council does not run a species exemption list. A permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold, and each tree is assessed on its own merits.
North Sydney Permit required Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold.
Willoughby Permit required Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold.
Lane Cove Permit required Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold.
City of Ryde Permit required Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold.
Hunters Hill Permit required Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold.
City of Sydney Permit required Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold.
Inner West Permit required Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold.
Woollahra Permit required Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold.
Waverley Permit required Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold.
Randwick Permit required Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold.
Bayside Permit required Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold.
Georges River Permit required Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold.
Strathfield Permit required Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold.
Burwood Confirm with Council Council holds its species exemptions in a document rather than on its website, so confirm this species with Council before treating removal as exempt. Size thresholds apply in the meantime.
Canterbury-Bankstown Permit required Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold.

Frequently asked questions

Nothing grows under my she-oak. Can I remove it for that?

Shading and litter alone are weak grounds. Canterbury-Bankstown states it will not approve removal for shading or leaf drop, and most other councils take a similar view. A health or structural issue is a stronger basis.

Related trees

Important note on council rules

This encyclopedia is a practical guide for Sydney property owners, not legal advice. Council tree rules change, and exemptions are frequently overridden by heritage listings, heritage conservation areas, significant tree registers, biodiversity mapping, endangered ecological communities and conditions attached to development consent. Always confirm the current rules with your council for your specific address before any tree work begins, or ask us to check it for you.

Photo by Mark Marathon via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0

Not sure where your tree stands?

Our arborists work across 20 Sydney councils every week. We will identify the species, check the rules for your address and handle the permit application if one is needed.